https://www.mechanicaljournals.com/ijmte/rss Int. J. Mech. Therm. Eng. 2023 - 4(1) International Journal of Mechanical and Thermal Engineering AkiNik Publications 2707-8043 Bekir Cirak Article International Journal of Mechanical and Thermal Engineering 2023 4(1):01-08 doi: International Journal of Mechanical and Thermal Engineering https://www.mechanicaljournals.com/ijmte/archives/2023.v4.i1.A.30 https://www.mechanicaljournals.com/ijmte/archives/2023.v4.i1.A.30 4 1 01 08 https://www.mechanicaljournals.com/ijmte/archives/2023.v4.i1.A.30 Bekir Cirak

International Journal of Mechanical and Thermal Engineering 2023 4(1):01-08

In this study, the reflection of the sun rays directly on the spherical lens and its focusing in this lens is examined. Energy collection efficiency of such a spherical surface has been analyzed. Compared with traditional sun fixed panel and sun tracker panel. An experimental device is made to test the solar intake from all directions, including scattering and reflections from spherical lenses. In order to obtain maximum energy from spherical lens, a microcontroller based spherical lens system has been developed that takes into account both solar azimuth and altitude angles. Thus, the sun was monitored on the spherical lens based on real time data. The control unit used in this study was the PIC AT89C51 microprocessor and LM 2596 integrated circuit with real time clock. A program that instantly calculates the sun's movements (azimuth and elevation angles) using the solar geometry throughout the day and year was loaded on the PIC. The angle values calculated by this program were converted into pulse width modulation signals and the spherical lens system was controlled using these signals. As a result of the experiments, it was observed that more energy was obtained by using a microcontroller-based spherical lens system. In addition, a low cost and easily programmed control system has been obtained that monitors the sun in real time, ensures stable operation of the system and consumes very little energy. ]]> Sun,1 Jan 2023 https://www.mechanicaljournals.com/ijmte/archives/2023.v4.i1.A.30 Sonika Chauhan Prakash Chandra Gope Article International Journal of Mechanical and Thermal Engineering 2023 4(1):09-13 doi: International Journal of Mechanical and Thermal Engineering https://www.mechanicaljournals.com/ijmte/archives/2023.v4.i1.A.31 https://www.mechanicaljournals.com/ijmte/archives/2023.v4.i1.A.31 4 1 09 13 https://www.mechanicaljournals.com/ijmte/archives/2023.v4.i1.A.31 Sonika Chauhan and Prakash Chandra Gope

International Journal of Mechanical and Thermal Engineering 2023 4(1):09-13

As the global population is increasing, so does its demand for various resources which in turn is increasing global economic pressure. The need of the hour is to frame and work on the concept of green economy and focus on the adoption of biodegradable construction materials to achieve sustainable architecture. Sustainable architecture is seeking the research and development of new materials to minimize the negative environmental effect of the existing materials. This paper presents the research work on the development of Grewia optiva Natural Fiber Reinforced Biocomposite which is found to possess excellent mechanical properties and can be potentially used for a number of applications in architecture. The exposure of different weather conditions on the structural materials can cause significant effects on its properties. This paper deals with an investigation of the effect of water absorption on the mechanical properties of Grewia optiva Natural Fiber Reinforced Biocomposites. ]]> Sun,1 Jan 2023 https://www.mechanicaljournals.com/ijmte/archives/2023.v4.i1.A.31 Sonika Chauhan Prakash Chandra Gope Article International Journal of Mechanical and Thermal Engineering 2023 4(1):14-16 doi: International Journal of Mechanical and Thermal Engineering https://www.mechanicaljournals.com/ijmte/archives/2023.v4.i1.A.32 https://www.mechanicaljournals.com/ijmte/archives/2023.v4.i1.A.32 4 1 14 16 https://www.mechanicaljournals.com/ijmte/archives/2023.v4.i1.A.32 Sonika Chauhan and Prakash Chandra Gope

International Journal of Mechanical and Thermal Engineering 2023 4(1):14-16

The applications of biocomposites are increasing to achieve sustainability in many applications. Biocomposites are formed by reinforcing natural fibers in different forms in the bioresin. Non-woven form of fibers is becoming popular to fabricate biocomposites because of being cost-effective and quick in manufacture. The process of carding is involved in both woven and non-woven fabrics which affect the mechanical properties of the fibers. The tensile properties of Grewia optiva natural fiber have been studied before and after carding and have been discussed in this paper. It has been found that the carding of fibers is increasing the brittleness of the fiber and the tensile strength is decreasing by 29.21%. The work to rupture of the fibers after carding is decreasing by 48.9%. Similarly the percentage elongation and denier of carded fibers are 21.94% and 21% lesser than the non-carded fibers. Hence, it has been concluded that the carding process should be optimized to minimize the effect on the mechanical properties of fibers. ]]> Sun,1 Jan 2023 https://www.mechanicaljournals.com/ijmte/archives/2023.v4.i1.A.32 Pritosh Tomar PC Gope Sonika Chauhan Article International Journal of Mechanical and Thermal Engineering 2023 4(1):23-27 doi: International Journal of Mechanical and Thermal Engineering https://www.mechanicaljournals.com/ijmte/archives/2023.v4.i1.A.34 https://www.mechanicaljournals.com/ijmte/archives/2023.v4.i1.A.34 4 1 23 27 https://www.mechanicaljournals.com/ijmte/archives/2023.v4.i1.A.34 Pritosh Tomar, PC Gope and Sonika Chauhan

International Journal of Mechanical and Thermal Engineering 2023 4(1):23-27

In this study, a composite material with PMMA and MMA as the matrix components was created and reinforced with Chopped glass fibers at various weight percentages (5, 10%). Because it has a number of advantageous qualities, such as being simple to make, lightweight, affordable, and others, poly methyl methacrylate, or PMMA, polymer, has been widely employed in dental applications throughout the years. But when put under a lot of strain, it has poor mechanical qualities. By combining two different types of fibres, the goal of this research was to create composite materials with improved mechanical qualities. The composite specimens were prepared using the BIS standard processing method for full dentures. To ascertain whether or not reinforcing materials and the saline coupling agent have a chemical relationship, SEM tests were performed on Chopped nylon fiber before and after salinization. All specimens underwent physical testing including heat conductivity, water sorption, and solubility. All specimens underwent physical testing for heat conductivity, water sorption, and solubility. According to the findings, reinforced specimens had much lower heat conductivity, water absorption, and solubility than pure specimens. Sisal fibres reinforced PMMA specimens exhibited a modest drop in thermal conductivity with increasing fibre concentration, while composite specimens showed increases in water sorption and solubility. The silane treatment produced a new absorption band, according to FTIR measurements. ]]> Sun,1 Jan 2023 https://www.mechanicaljournals.com/ijmte/archives/2023.v4.i1.A.34 Bedasa Waldaho Tekalign Bedada Milkesa Alamu Teshome Urge Article International Journal of Mechanical and Thermal Engineering 2023 4(1):28-31 doi: International Journal of Mechanical and Thermal Engineering https://www.mechanicaljournals.com/ijmte/archives/2023.v4.i1.A.35 https://www.mechanicaljournals.com/ijmte/archives/2023.v4.i1.A.35 4 1 28 31 https://www.mechanicaljournals.com/ijmte/archives/2023.v4.i1.A.35 Bedasa Waldaho, Tekalign Bedada, Milkesa Alamu and Teshome Urge

International Journal of Mechanical and Thermal Engineering 2023 4(1):28-31

The study was undertaken to modify by incorporation of cleaning unit of FARC Engine driven groundnut stripping machine. The machine was fabricated from locally available materials. The effects of drum speed and feeding rate on mean stripping capacity and cleaning efficiency indicates that the highest stripping capacity and cleaning efficiency was recorded at drum speed of 310 rpm as 216kg/hr. and 79% while the lowest stripping capacity and cleaning efficiency obtained at drum speed of 250 rpm as 150 kg/hr. and 65.67% respectively. The machine has the capacity of stripping of 190 kg/hr. and cleaning efficiency 66.33% at the recommended speed of operations. At the higher speed of operation the machine has relatively higher pod breakages of 21% and with high scattering of pods due to high vibration of the sieve. ]]> Sun,1 Jan 2023 https://www.mechanicaljournals.com/ijmte/archives/2023.v4.i1.A.35 Keneni Kebede Article International Journal of Mechanical and Thermal Engineering 2023 4(1):32-38 doi: International Journal of Mechanical and Thermal Engineering https://www.mechanicaljournals.com/ijmte/archives/2023.v4.i1.A.36 https://www.mechanicaljournals.com/ijmte/archives/2023.v4.i1.A.36 4 1 32 38 https://www.mechanicaljournals.com/ijmte/archives/2023.v4.i1.A.36 Keneni Kebede

International Journal of Mechanical and Thermal Engineering 2023 4(1):32-38

A perishable agricultural commodity like potatoes requires great attention to sustain its supply on the market. Because of the lack of appropriate handling and storage, huge amount of potato goes to waste before it reaches to the consumer. Therefore these loss can be minimized by storing them at low temperature under high humidity environment like pit storage. The determination of the physical and chemical properties of potato in the long-term storage and their variations is one of the significant specifications in terms of keeping shelf life of the product with acceptable quality. This paper include the study of physical properties such as sprouting, color change, and rotten were identified by countering, while the chemical properties such as carbohydrate, moisture contents, protein contents, Vitamin, Minerals, Total Soluble Solid and PH were collected and tested in laboratory before and storage period. The chemical properties of some potato tubers increased while decreased at some of them were increased. The changes at the rates of loss of 3.2, 2.2, and 3.6% in terms of weight loss, 3.14, 2.03, and 2.78% in terms of sprouting, 1.25, 1.58 and 1.84% color change, 4.02, 5 and 4.8% protein contents, 83, 84.4 and 84.3% Moisture contents, 7.19, 4.45 and 5.73% total carbohydrate FARC, Kombolcha and Haramaya respectively. All data were collected for five months of storage times with its schedules. The results of studies presented that the physical and chemical changes that occurred in the tubers were depending on the tuber's geometrical size and under storage environment of minimum and maximum temperature and relative humidity of (19 and 29 ℃), 34 and 59%) respectively. ]]> Sun,1 Jan 2023 https://www.mechanicaljournals.com/ijmte/archives/2023.v4.i1.A.36 Deepak Gupta Arun Kumar Chaudhary Vinay Kumar Singh Maneesh Tewari Ajay Article International Journal of Mechanical and Thermal Engineering 2023 4(1):39-43 doi:10.22271/27078043.2023.v4.i1a.37 International Journal of Mechanical and Thermal Engineering 10.22271/27078043.2023.v4.i1a.37 https://www.mechanicaljournals.com/ijmte/archives/2023.v4.i1.A.37 https://www.mechanicaljournals.com/ijmte/archives/2023.v4.i1.A.37 4 1 39 43 https://www.mechanicaljournals.com/ijmte/archives/2023.v4.i1.A.37 Deepak Gupta, Arun Kumar Chaudhary, Vinay Kumar Singh, Maneesh Tewari and Ajay

International Journal of Mechanical and Thermal Engineering 2023 4(1):39-43

Mercerization is an alkalization procedure usually used to enhance the properties of any plant fiber. It involves dipping the fiber into a mixture of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution and water. This investigation explores the various constraints of alkalization along with their influence on bhimal (Grewia optiva) fiber surface structure. A mixture of NaOH to water was in the ratio of 1:10. Bhimal fiber was dipped into the solution for 24 hr. and then washed with warm water followed by distilled water and allowed to dry at room temperature. A gold coating was done over the sample to untreated and treated bhimal fiber regarding SEM examination for better conductivity. Alkalization results in an improvement in mechanical strength, surface morphology and porosity. Mercerization contributes to increasing surface roughness, decontamination, and developing strong interfacial adhesion bonds with epoxy in composite fabrication. Additionally, synthesizing bio-composites with bhimal fibers incorporation and bio-polymer matrix is having the capability to develop sustainable bio-materials. ]]> Sun,1 Jan 2023 https://www.mechanicaljournals.com/ijmte/archives/2023.v4.i1.A.37 Deepankar Chandra Anadi Misra Article International Journal of Mechanical and Thermal Engineering 2023 4(1):44-54 doi:10.22271/27078043.2023.v4.i1a.50 International Journal of Mechanical and Thermal Engineering 10.22271/27078043.2023.v4.i1a.50 https://www.mechanicaljournals.com/ijmte/archives/2023.v4.i1.A.50 https://www.mechanicaljournals.com/ijmte/archives/2023.v4.i1.A.50 4 1 44 54 https://www.mechanicaljournals.com/ijmte/archives/2023.v4.i1.A.50 Deepankar Chandra and Anadi Misra

International Journal of Mechanical and Thermal Engineering 2023 4(1):44-54

This study reviews into how various winglets and wingtip devices affected an aircraft's ability to fly aerodynamically. The analysis focuses on how the introduction of winglets affects key performance parameters, including drag force, lift-to-drag ratio, and overall efficiency. Various studies and applications related to winglet design are reviewed, shedding light on the potential benefits of this aerodynamic enhancement. Through computational simulations, wind tunnel tests, and empirical data, the research aims to quantify the improvements in aerodynamic efficiency achieved by incorporating winglets into the aircraft design. In the majority of the reviewed investigations, both experimental and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) studies using various turbulence models were carried out. Turbulence models like Sparlat Almaras (SA), k-ε and k-ω have been employed in computational investigations have shown that, in comparison to a plain wing, the introduction of winglets and wingtip devices both greatly reduce the production of vortices in the wingtips. It has been found that using winglets is the most efficient way to reduce the wing tip vortexes. As a result, there is now a bigger payload, longer range, and improved fuel economy due to the enhanced L/D ratio. ]]> Sun,1 Jan 2023 https://www.mechanicaljournals.com/ijmte/archives/2023.v4.i1.A.50