Author(s): Azhar Abeda, Abdulrazzaq Mohammed, Harith A Ali, Mohammed Abidb and Abdullah Jasim

Abstract: The operation of air conditioning systems necessitates a substantial amount of electrical energy. Passive air cooling is an energy-saving technique that is effective in hot and arid regions such as Iraq. The ground-cooling approach involves the utilization of a stationary surface temperature to passively cool a given space, hence reducing energy consumption in buildings. This research uses geothermal methods to model the building's air conditioning (cooling) system under various operating conditions. Also, utilizing ANSYS FLUENT to simulate the open-loop heat exchanger behavior and its impact on outside air temperature and cooling efficiency. Simulations were carried out on a ground heat exchanger with different designs, the following dimensions of length (15, 33, and 40) m and diameter (0.1, 0.1524, and 0.2) m at different airflow speeds (1, 1.5, and 2) m / s with depth (3 m) underground. The findings indicated that the air temperature differential between entrance and exit is directly related to pipe length and inversely proportional to air velocity and tube diameter. The largest difference between air entrance and exit temperatures was 22 K at 1 m/s, 33 m length, and 0.1 m diameter. Furthermore, the cooling efficiency improves with decreasing pipe flow speed and diameter, but it is linearly related to tube length. The geothermal heat exchanger achieved a peak cooling efficiency of 86.6% when operated at an air velocity of 1 m/s. The study recommended designing a network of geothermal exchangers to adapt homes. Additionally, the implementation of a soil humidification system around the pipe serves to decrease the temperature of the air exiting from the heat exchanger. Moreover, use ground shading techniques, such as vegetation.

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